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期刊论文 59

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Effectiveness of aerobic pretreatment of municipal solid waste for accelerating biogas generation during simulated landfilling

Munawar Ali, Junli Zhang, Roberto Raga, Maria Cristina Lavagnolo, Alberto Pivato, Xu Wang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Raffaello Cossu, Dongbei Yue

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1031-1

摘要： This study evaluates the effectiveness of aerobic pretreatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) on reducing lag phase and accelerating biogas generation. Aerobic pretreatment degree (APD) was determined on the basis of reduction in volatile solids (VS) on a wet weight basis. In this study, intermittent aeration (IA) was applied to three reactors as a main aeration mode; since a single reactor was operated under continuous aeration mode. However, the purpose of the experiment was to reduce VS content of waste, irrespective of the comparison between aeration modes. Fresh MSW was first pretreated aerobically with different aeration rates (10, 40, 60 and 85 L/min/m ) for the period of 30–50 days, resulting in VS-loss equivalent to 20%, 27%, 38% and 53% on w/w basis for the wastes A1, A2, A3 and A4, respectively. The cumulative biogas production, calculated based on the modified Gompertz model were 384, 195, 353, 215, and 114 L/kg VS for the wastes A0, A1, A2, A3 and A4, respectively. Untreated waste (A0) showed a long lag phase; whereas the lag phases of pretreated MSW were reduced by more than 90%. Aerobically pretreated wastes reached stable methanogenic phase within 41 days compared to 418 days for untreated waste. The waste mass decreased by about 8% to 27% compared to untreated MSW, indicative that even more MSW could be placed in the same landfill. The study confirmed the effectiveness of aerobic pretreatment of MSW prior to landfilling on reducing lag phase and accelerating biogas generation.

关键词： Municipal solid waste (MSW)     Aerobic pretreatment degree (APD)     Volatile solids (VS)     Intermittent aeration (IA)     Landfill gas     Landfilling    

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Fabrication of layered structure VS anchor in 3D graphene aerogels as a new cathode material for lithium

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 597-602 doi: doi:10.1007/s11708-018-0576-9

摘要： VS4 has gained more and more attention for its high theoretical capacity (449 mAh/g with 3e− transfer) in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, a layered structure VS4 anchored in graphene aerogels is prepared and first reported as cathode material for LIBs. VS4@GAs composite exhibits an exceptional high initial reversible capacity (511 mAh/g), an excellent high-rate capability (191 mAh/g at the 5 C), and an excellent cyclic stability (239 mAh/g after 15 cycles).

关键词： VS4     graphene aerogels     cathode     lithium storage    

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A concise review about fracture assessments of brittle solids with V-notches

Hsien-Yang YEH, Bin YANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 478-485 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0520-z

摘要：

A concise review of recent studies about the fracture assessments of elastic brittle solid materials containing V-notches is presented. In this preliminary and brief survey, elastic stress distributions in V-notched solids are discussed first. The concept of notch stress intensity factor is introduced. Combine the digital image correlation method with numerical computation techniques to analyze the stress distribution near the notches. Fracture criteria such as strain energy density, J-integral, theory of critical distance are used.

关键词： fracture     assessment     brittle solids     V-notches     review    

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High-gravity-assisted emulsification for continuous preparation of waterborne polyurethane nanodispersion with high solids

Weihong Zhang, Dan Wang, Jie-Xin Wang, Yuan Pu, Jian-Feng Chen

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 1087-1099 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1895-z

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Modeling of solids segregation in circulating fluidized bed boilers

Xuan YAO, Tao WANG, Jia ZHAO, Hairui YANG, Hai ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 115-119 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0103-0

摘要： Segregation always occurs in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) because of the wide distribution of particle size and density of the bed material. Terminal velocity has a significant influence on solids segregation; thus, it is convenient to describe the segregation tendency using single particle terminal velocity . This paper proposes a segregation model in CFB boilers based on the Cell Model. In each cell along the riser, varied-sized particles have different tendencies toward segregation; finer particles are carried out more easily, while coarser ones tend to sink into the cell. It is assumed that the average terminal velocity , corresponding to the mean particle size in the cell, has a segregation index of = 1.0 as the reference point. The segregation index of particles with higher terminal velocity is lower than 1.0, while that for finer particles is larger than 1.0. The empirical formulae of segregation parameters, namely and , are derived by optimizing experimental data in published literature. The test result of ash size distribution in a 220 t/h CFB boiler validates the reasonableness of the model.

关键词： segregation     model     terminal velocity     circulating fluidized bed (CFB)    

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Impact of solids on biphasic biodegradation of phenanthrene in the presence of hydroxypropyl- β

Zhenyi ZHANG, Chihiro INOUE, Guanghe LI,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 329-333 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0232-z

摘要： The consequence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment is of great concern. The hydrophobic properties of PAHs significantly impact phase distribution causing limited bioavailability. Enhanced biodegradation has been extensively carried out by surfactants and the redeployment effect was recognized. However, the quantitative relationship concerning the impact of solids was rarely reported. A batch of biphasic tests were carried out by introducing PYR-1 and hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin (HPCD) into a mixture of phenanthrene solution and various glass beads (GB37-63, GB105-125, and GB350-500). The comparative results demonstrated that HPCD had little effect on microbial growth and was not degradable by bacterium. A model was proposed to describe the biodegradation process. The regression results indicated that the partition coefficient (1.234, 0.726 and 0.448 L·g) and the degradation rate (0 mmol·L: 0.055, 0.094, and 0.112; 20 mmol·L: 0.126, 0.141, and 0.156; 40 mmol·L: 0.141, 0.156 and 0.184 d) were positively and negatively correlated with the calculated total surface area (TSA) of solids, respectively. Degradation enhanced in the presence of HPCD, and the enhancing factor was calculated (20 mmol·L: 15.16, 40.01, and 145.5; 40 mmol·L: 13.29, 37.97, and 138.4), indicating that the impact of solids was significant for the enhancement of biodegradation.

关键词： biphasic biodegradation     hydroxypropyl-β     -cyclodextrin (HPCD)     polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)    

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Catalytic combustion of volatile organic compounds using perovskite oxides catalysts—a review

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第11期   页码 1649-1676 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2324-x

摘要： With the rapid development of industry, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are gaining attention as a class of pollutants that need to be eliminated due to their adverse effects on the environment and human health. Catalytic combustion is the most popular technology used for the removal of VOCs as it can be adapted to different organic emissions under mild conditions. This review first introduces the hazards of VOCs, their treatment technologies, and summarizes the treatment mechanism issues. Next, the characteristics and catalytic performance of perovskite oxides as catalysts for VOC removal are expounded, with a special focus on lattice distortions and surface defects caused by metal doping and surface modifications, and on the treatment of different VOCs. The challenges and the prospects regarding the design of perovskite oxides catalysts for the catalytic combustion of VOCs are also discussed. This review provides a reference base for improving the performance of perovskite catalysts to treat VOCs.

关键词： perovskite oxides     volatile organic compounds     catalytic combustion     reaction mechanism    

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Gas-solids separation model of a novel FCC riser terminator device: super short quick separator (SSQS

LU Chunxi, LI Ruxin, SHI Mingxian, LIU Xiancheng

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 462-467 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0068-2

摘要： The gas flow field and the separation efficiency of a novel fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) riser terminal device, named as Super Short Quick Separator (SSQS), were studied. On the basis of above investigations, a section-lateral-mixing separation model was proposed, which included both the effect of inertia and structure of gas outlet on particles capture. After final modification, the results predicted with this model could be in good agreement with the cold experimental data. According to this model, the separation efficiency of SSQS is mainly influenced by the difference between the arc radius and the center pipe radius as well as the magnitude of particle tangential velocity.

关键词： catalytic cracking     separation efficiency     tangential velocity     agreement     magnitude    

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工程演化与产业结构优化

殷瑞钰

《中国工程科学》 2012年 第14卷 第3期   页码 8-14

摘要：

工程是人类有组织、有计划、有目的地利用各种资源和基本经济要素构建和制造人工实在的活动,是直接生产力。工程是在特定的自然和社会条件下，相关技术群和诸多基本经济要素组合-集成在一起的动态系统。其中，技术集成系统体现着相关、但又功能不同的异质技术群（不同的技术模块），通过动态有序的集成过程所形成的特定结构及其动态运行的方式；而且这一特定的技术集成系统必须要与特定的自然、社会条件下诸多基本经济要素的合理配置（如资源、土地、资本、劳动力、市场、环境等）互相协同作用，通过设计、构建和运行，形成工程系统，并产生特定的、预期的功能和价值。工程与科学、技术、产业有着密切的联系,但又有所不同。对经济及其结构而言，工程是微观单元，产业是中观层次单元，而由不同产业构成的产业结构则处于宏观层次。工程是不断演化的，工程演化推动着产业的发展和产业结构的调整，甚至出现产业革命。

关键词： 工程     演化     产业结构     优化    

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Trends of chemical speciation profiles of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds emissions in China

Wei WEI, Shuxiao WANG, Jiming HAO, Shuiyuan CHENG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 27-41 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0461-4

摘要： This study estimates the detailed chemical profiles of China’s anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions for the period of 2005–2020. The chemical profiles of VOCs for seven activity sectors are calculated, based on which the Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP) of VOCs for these sectors is evaluated. At the national level, the VOCs species emitted in 2005 include alkanes, alkenes and alkynes, aromatic compounds, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, ethers and halocarbons, accounting for 26.4 wt.%, 29.2 wt.%, 21.3 wt.%, 4.7 wt.%, 5.4 wt.%, 1.7 wt.%, 2.1 wt.%, 0.7 wt.% and 2.2 wt.% of total emissions, respectively. And during 2005-2020, their mass proportions would respectively grow or decrease by -6.9%, -32.7%, 7.3%, 65.3%, 34.7%, -48.6%, 108.5%, 100.5%, and 55.4%. This change would bring about a 13% reduction of POCP for national VOCs emissions in the future. Thus, although the national VOCs emissions are expected to increase by 33% over the whole period, its ozone formation potential is estimated to rise only by 14%. Large discrepancies are found in VOCs speciation emissions among provinces. Compared to western provinces, the eastern provinces with a more developed economy would emit unsaturated hydrocarbons and benzene with lower mix ratios, and aromatic compounds except benzene, oxidized hydrocarbons and halocarbons with higher mix ratios. Such differences lead to lower POCP of VOCs emitted in eastern provinces, and higher POCP of VOCs emitted in western provinces. However, due to the large VOCs emissions from Chinese eastern region, the ozone formation potential of VOCs emission in eastern provinces would be much higher than those in western provinces by about 156%–235%.

关键词： volatile organic compounds (VOCs)     chemical speciation     ozone formation     Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)     China    

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Characteristics of carbonyls and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in residences in Beijing, China

Hengyi DUAN,Xiaotu LIU,Meilin YAN,Yatao WU,Zhaorong LIU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 73-84 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0743-0

摘要： Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbonyl compounds were measured both indoors and outdoors in 50 residences of Beijing in heating (December, 2011) and non-heating seasons (April/May, 2012). SUMMA canisters for VOCs and diffusive samplers for carbonyl compounds were deployed for 24 h at each site, and 94 compounds were quantified. Formaldehyde, acetone and acetaldehyde were the most abundant carbonyl compounds both indoors and outdoors with indoor median concentrations being 32.1, 21.7 and 15.3 μg·m , respectively. Ethane (17.6 μg·m ), toluene (14.4 μg·m ), propane (11.2 μg·m ), ethene (8.40 μg·m ), n-butane (6.87 μg·m ), and benzene (5.95 μg·m ) showed the high median concentrations in indoor air. Dichloromethane, p-dichlorobenzene (p-DCB) and toluene exhibited extremely high levels in some residences, which were related with a number of indoor emission sources. Moreover, isoprene, p-dichlorobenzene and carbonyls showed median indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratios larger than 3, indicating their indoor sources were prevailing. Chlorinated compounds like CFCs were mainly from outdoor sources for their I/O ratios being less than 1. In addition, indoor concentrations between two sampling seasons varied with different compounds. Carbonyl compounds and some chlorinated compounds had higher concentrations in the non-heating season, while alkanes, alkenes, aromatic compounds showed an increase in the heating season. Indoor concentration of VOCs and carbonyls were influenced by locations, interior decorations and indoor activities, however the specific sources for indoor VOCs and carbonyls could not be easily identified. The findings obtained in this study would significantly enhance our understandings on the prevalent and abundant species of VOCs as well as their concentrations and sources in Beijing residences.

关键词： indoor air     Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)     residence     carbonyl compounds    

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6G移动网络架构SOLIDS——驱动力、特征及功能拓扑 Review

刘光毅, 李娜, 邓娟, 王莹莹, 孙军帅, 黄宇红

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第8卷 第1期   页码 42-59 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.07.013

摘要： 所提6G网络架构称为SOLIDS，由其六大基本网络特征构成，即柔性（soft）、按需服务（on-demand fulfillment）、至简（lite）、内生智慧（native intelligence

关键词： 第六代     网络特征     网络架构    

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A review on application of dielectric barrier discharge plasma technology on the abatement of volatile

Wenjing Lu, Yawar Abbas, Muhammad Farooq Mustafa, Chao Pan, Hongtao Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1108-5

摘要：

• Applications of non-thermal plasma reactors for reduction of VOCs were reviewed.

• Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma was considered.

• Effect of process parameters was studied.

• Effect of catalysts and inhibitors were evaluated.

关键词： Non-thermal plasma (NTP)     Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD)     Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)     Abatement     Input power    

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Semi-solid materials for controlled release drug formulation: current status and future prospects

Michelle TRAN,Chun WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 225-232 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1429-7

摘要： Semi-solid materials represent an important category of inactive ingredients (excipients) of pharmaceutical products. Here we review several common semi-solid polymers currently used in the controlled release formulations of many drugs. These polymers are selected based on their importance and broad scope of application in FDA-approved drug products and include several polysaccharides (cellulose, starch, chitosan, alginate) and carbomers, a group of mucoadhesive synthetic polymers. Glyceride-based polymers used in self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) will also be discussed for its importance in formulating poorly water-soluble drugs. Unique features and advantages of each type of semi-solid materials are discussed and examples of their use in oral delivery of drugs are provided. Finally, future prospects of developing new and better semi-solid excipients are discussed with the objective of facilitating clinical translation.

关键词： controlled release     drug delivery     semi-solids     polymer     excipient    

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Determination of selected semi-volatile organic compounds in water using automated online solid-phase

Yongtao LI, Christina L. MCCARTY, Ed J. GEORGE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 417-425 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0310-x

摘要： A rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective analytical method was developed for the analysis of selected semi-volatile organic compounds in water. The method used an automated online solid-phase extraction technique coupled with programmed-temperature vaporization large-volume injection gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The water samples were extracted by using a fully automated mobile rack system based on x-y-z robotic techniques using syringes and disposable 96-well extraction plates. The method was validated for the analysis of 30 semi-volatile analytes in drinking water, groundwater, and surface water. For a sample volume of 10 mL, the linear calibrations ranged from 0.01 or 0.05 to 2.5μg·L , and the method detection limits were less than 0.1μg·L . For the reagent water samples fortified at 1.0μg·L and 2.0?μg·L , the obtained mean absolute recoveries were 70%–130% with relative standard deviations of less than 20% for most analytes. For the drinking water, groundwater, and surface water samples fortified at 1.0μg·L , the obtained mean absolute recoveries were 50%–130% with relative standard deviations of less than 20% for most analytes. The new method demonstrated three advantages: 1) no manipulation except the fortification of surrogate standards prior to extraction; 2) significant cost reduction associated with sample collection, shipping, storage, and preparation; and 3) reduced exposure to hazardous solvents and other chemicals. As a result, this new automated method can be used as an effective approach for screening and/or compliance monitoring of selected semi-volatile organic compounds in water.

关键词： automated solid-phase extraction     programmed-temperature vaporization     large-volume injection     gas chromatography/mass spectrometry     semi-volatile organic compounds     water analysis    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Effectiveness of aerobic pretreatment of municipal solid waste for accelerating biogas generation during simulated landfilling

Munawar Ali, Junli Zhang, Roberto Raga, Maria Cristina Lavagnolo, Alberto Pivato, Xu Wang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Raffaello Cossu, Dongbei Yue

期刊论文

Fabrication of layered structure VS anchor in 3D graphene aerogels as a new cathode material for lithium

期刊论文

A concise review about fracture assessments of brittle solids with V-notches

Hsien-Yang YEH, Bin YANG

期刊论文

High-gravity-assisted emulsification for continuous preparation of waterborne polyurethane nanodispersion with high solids

Weihong Zhang, Dan Wang, Jie-Xin Wang, Yuan Pu, Jian-Feng Chen

期刊论文

Modeling of solids segregation in circulating fluidized bed boilers

Xuan YAO, Tao WANG, Jia ZHAO, Hairui YANG, Hai ZHANG

期刊论文

Impact of solids on biphasic biodegradation of phenanthrene in the presence of hydroxypropyl- β

Zhenyi ZHANG, Chihiro INOUE, Guanghe LI,

期刊论文

Catalytic combustion of volatile organic compounds using perovskite oxides catalysts—a review

期刊论文

Gas-solids separation model of a novel FCC riser terminator device: super short quick separator (SSQS

LU Chunxi, LI Ruxin, SHI Mingxian, LIU Xiancheng

期刊论文

工程演化与产业结构优化

殷瑞钰

期刊论文

Trends of chemical speciation profiles of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds emissions in China

Wei WEI, Shuxiao WANG, Jiming HAO, Shuiyuan CHENG

期刊论文

Characteristics of carbonyls and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in residences in Beijing, China

Hengyi DUAN,Xiaotu LIU,Meilin YAN,Yatao WU,Zhaorong LIU

期刊论文

6G移动网络架构SOLIDS——驱动力、特征及功能拓扑

刘光毅, 李娜, 邓娟, 王莹莹, 孙军帅, 黄宇红

期刊论文

A review on application of dielectric barrier discharge plasma technology on the abatement of volatile

Wenjing Lu, Yawar Abbas, Muhammad Farooq Mustafa, Chao Pan, Hongtao Wang

期刊论文

Semi-solid materials for controlled release drug formulation: current status and future prospects

Michelle TRAN,Chun WANG

期刊论文

Determination of selected semi-volatile organic compounds in water using automated online solid-phase

Yongtao LI, Christina L. MCCARTY, Ed J. GEORGE

期刊论文